1,25(OH)2Vitamin D3 induces elevated expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p18 in a squamous cell carcinoma cell line of the head and neck

BACKGROUND: 1Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2) Vitamin D(3)] induces growth inhibition in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines of the head and neck by arresting the cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, probably due to an enhanced expression of p21, which could be demonstrated in other cell lines (JPPA, SCC9) before. In SCC25, a SCC cell line isolated from tongue, growth inhibition but no overexpression of p21 was detected. The retinoblastoma gene, as a direct target of G1 cyclin-CDK complexes, showed an obvious shift from the hyperphosphorylated to the hypophosphorylated form under 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3), which indicates that the growth inhibition takes place in the G0/G1 phase. To explore the possible pathway of growth inhibition in SCC25 we investigated other cell cycle inhibitors (p18, p19, p27). METHODS: Synchronized cells were treated with 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3) over 96 h. The cell cycle status and expression of cell cycle-regulating proteins was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and Western blotting. An overexpression of p18 in 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3) vs. ethanol-treated cells was determined until 30 h in SCC25. No influence was detectable on the expression of p27 and p19. CONCLUSION: One mechanism by which 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3) controls cell growth might be the upregulation of p21. As p21 was unsusceptible to 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3) in SCC25, other inhibiting proteins were necessary to be tested. The proven upregulation of p18 seems to be the responsible step for growth inhibition of 1,25(OH)(2)Vitamin D(3) in SCC25.     

Fetal neural grafts for Huntington's disease: a prospective view.

Intrastriatal transplantation of striatal neuroblasts from human fetuses is a promising approach for treatment of Huntington's disease, on the basis of many experimental animal studies and, most recently, pilot clinical trials. Technically, several issues remain to be resolved (e.g., the precise site of dissection of the fetal tissue; the number and location of the fetal striatal implants; or the use of immunosuppressive therapy), and await larger-scale trials and purposely designed protocols. Further clinical data must also be obtained, and preliminary promising results must be replicated in a patient group large enough to provide conclusive results. It is important to establish (1) the amount of clinical benefit provided to the patient by the grafted cells; (2) the anticipated duration of clinical benefits; and (3) the secondary rate of decline after the benefit of the graft has been overbalanced. Evaluation of these parameters will require very long-term follow-up of the patients involved, over several years after grafting, before the technique can eventually be proposed widely to patients.     

43例口腔癌平阳霉素术前化疗效果相关因素分析

目的 :通过对平阳霉素术前化疗效果的相关因素分析 ,早期判断平阳霉素对口腔鳞癌的效果 ,为确定进一步治疗方案提供指导。方法 :对本院近 3年来接受平阳霉素 (总量为 80mg)化疗的 4 3例口腔癌患者进行直线相关和回归分析 ,观察化疗期间体温改变、发热持续时间、胃肠道反应时间及WBC改变与疗效的关系。结果 :①接受平阳霉素化疗有效的患者多在第 3～ 6天出现局部反应 ;②发热的程度及胃肠道反应与化疗效果密切相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :化疗早期出现的发热、胃肠道症状及局部反应可以作为早期判断预期疗效的方法。     

糖化血红蛋白及糖化血清蛋白与糖尿病肾功能衰竭患者的血糖监测

糖化血红蛋白(Hb)A1c是血糖监测的苇要指标,反映检测前2～3个月的平均血糖水平.慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者存在贫血、酸中毒、氧化应激、胰岛素抵抗、血液透析及促红细胞生成素(EPO)的应用等因素,对HbA1c的测定会造成影响.糖化血清蛋白(GSP)反映检测前2～3周的平均血糖水平,仅受血浆蛋白的影响,几乎不受血红蛋白和EPO治疗等以上因素的影响,且对短时间内的血糖变化更为敏感.将GSP作为糖尿病肾功能衰竭患者血糖监测指标可能比HbA1c更理想.     

β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠免疫功能的比较研究

就β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠的免疫功能影响进行了比较研究。结果显示β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对外磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下具有不同程度的改善作用，提高胸腺和脾脏指数，增强脾脏细胞对刀豆素A（ConA）的反应性和NK活性，血清溶菌酶含量也有所增加。综合各项指标，9-顺式和全反式混合物的作用最明显，提示一定浓度的9-顺式对于提高β-胡萝卜素对机体的总体作用是有一定意义的。     

表皮生长因子对牛眼小梁细胞c—fos基因表达的诱导

目的研究表皮生长因子（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＥＧＦ）对小梁细胞的作用。方法应用分子杂交技术研究ＥＧＦ对体外培养的牛眼小梁细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达的诱导和３Ｈ胸腺核苷酸（３Ｈ－ｔｈｙｍｉｄｉｎｅｉｎｃｏｒｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ，３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入法观察细胞ＤＮＡ的合成。结果小梁细胞的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率随着ＥＧＦ浓度不同而变化，浓度为２０～１５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时，细胞掺入率随浓度增加升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。与对照组相比，ＥＧＦ刺激停止生长的小梁细胞０．５小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因开始表达，１小时后达高峰，至２小时后消失。不同浓度ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞１小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达呈浓度依赖性。结论实验结果表明ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞增殖或进入生长状态，可能与ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因产物的信号传递作用有关。     

Phase II trial of piroxantrone in patients with recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Summary Twenty-two patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with piroxantrone 150 mg/m² intravenously every 21 days. There were no objective responses. The 95% upper confidence bound for response is 15%. Primary toxicity was hematologic.     

A variant of the HL-60 cell line expressing a high level of PTP1C exhibits increased susceptibility to differentiation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

A variant of the HL-60 cell line, HL-60/MCSFR4D2, has been found to express twice the amount of PTP1C as compared to the parental HL-60 cell line by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Differentiation of the variant cells after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment was examined by the appearance of adherence. In 1% fetal calf serum (FCS), 20% of HL-60/MCSFR4D2 cells exhibited adherence after treatment with 0.5 ng/ml PMA for 48 h, 60% exhibited adherence after treatment with 1.0 ng/ml PMA and 80% exhibited adherence after treatment with 5.0 ng/ml PMA, while HL-60 cells exhibited only a slight response. Furthermore, antisense PTP1C oligonucleotides decreased the PMA-induced adherence of HL-60/MCSFR4D2 cells. These results suggest that the high-expression of PTP1C in HL-60 cells may be involved in the enhancement of susceptibility to macrophage-like differentiation by PMA.     

棕榈油对成人血脂和血小板功能的影响

报道了棕榈油（ＰＡ），花生油（ＰＥ）对血清总胆固醇水平（ＴＣ）在５．５～７．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的受试者血脂和血小板功能的影响。５１名受试者（男３１人，女２０人，年龄３０～６６岁之间）分为两组，一组男１５人，女１１人，称ＰＥ组；另一组男１６人女９人，称ＰＡ组，预备期３周，膳食以当地日常食用的花生油烹调，实验期６周。ＰＡ组受试者食用以棕榈油烹调的实验膳；ＰＥ组受试者仍食花生油烹调的膳食。脂肪约占膳食能量的３０％，其中６０％～６５％来自实验油。实验结果表明：与起始值相比，６周末ＰＡ组受试者血清ＴＣ，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）和总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（ＴＣ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）显著下降，血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）／６－酮前列环素Ｆ１α、（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）比值显著下降，全血血小板聚集率未见显著变化。ＰＥ组受试者的血脂、血浆ＴＸＢ２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α及全血血小板聚集率等指标均未出现显著变化。提示，棕榈油作为我国居民家庭烹调用油并不会增加发生心血管疾病的危险。     

健血升白冲剂对小鼠造血功能的影响

目的：研究健血升白冲剂对小鼠血液系统的影响。方法：以骨髓细胞计数，白细胞计数和血象为指标，观察健血升白冲剂对正常小鼠和化学及放射损伤小鼠的影响。结果：健血升白冲剂明显增加正常小鼠白细胞计数（Ｐ＜００１），显著改善环磷酰胺诱导小鼠白细胞和骨髓细胞的减少作用（分别为Ｐ＜００５，Ｐ＜００１），并能显著增加６０Ｃｏ放射损伤小鼠骨髓细胞（Ｐ＜００１）和白细胞（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：健血升白冲剂对化学及放射损伤小鼠血液系统有明显的保护及改善作用。是一个有开发价值的药物。